A thermodynamic system is a specified part of the universe chosen for the study of energy changes in the form of heat and work.
Everything outside the thermodynamic system which can interact with the system is called the surroundings.
The real or imaginary surface separating the system from its surroundings is called the boundary.
An open system can exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings.
Example: Boiling water in an open container
A closed system can exchange energy but not matter with its surroundings.
Example: Gas in a sealed piston
An isolated system can exchange neither energy nor matter with its surroundings.
Example: Thermos flask
Q1. A thermodynamic system is: A) Whole universe B) Surroundings only C) A selected part of universe D) Boundary only Answer: C Q2. Everything outside the system is called: A) Boundary B) Medium C) Surroundings D) Environment Answer: C Q3. A system that exchanges both matter and energy is called: A) Closed system B) Isolated system C) Open system D) Rigid system Answer: C Q4. A thermos flask is an example of: A) Open system B) Closed system C) Isolated system D) Adiabatic system Answer: C Q5. A closed system can exchange: A) Matter only B) Energy only C) Both matter and energy D) Neither matter nor energy Answer: B Q6. The surface separating system and surroundings is called: A) Wall B) Medium C) Boundary D) Interface Answer: C Q7. Which of the following is a closed system? A) Open beaker of water B) Gas in sealed piston C) Thermos flask D) River flowing Answer: B Q8. Interaction between system and surroundings occurs in the form of: A) Force only B) Mass only C) Heat and work D) Motion only Answer: C
Part of universe chosen for thermodynamic study.
Everything outside the system.
Surface separating system and surroundings.
MCQs are frequently asked on classification of systems and real-life examples.
