Physics is a branch of science that deals with the study of nature and natural phenomena. It helps us understand how the universe works, from the motion of tiny particles to the movement of planets and stars.
Physics explains concepts such as motion, force, energy, heat, light, sound, electricity, and magnetism. Many modern technologies like mobile phones, satellites, medical equipment, and automobiles are based on principles of physics.
Measurement is the process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a known standard quantity of the same type.
Without measurement, scientific study would be incomplete and inaccurate. For example, saying “this rod is long” is vague, but saying “this rod is 2 metres long” is precise and meaningful.
A physical quantity is any quantity that can be measured. Each physical quantity consists of:
Example: 5 kg, 10 m, 20 s
These are basic quantities that are independent of each other.
Derived quantities are obtained by combining fundamental quantities.
Q1. Physics is the study of: A) Living organisms B) Natural phenomena C) Chemical reactions D) Historical events Answer: B Q2. Measurement is the process of: A) Estimation B) Calculation C) Comparison with a standard D) Guessing Answer: C Q3. Which of the following is a fundamental physical quantity? A) Speed B) Area C) Force D) Length Answer: D Q4. Which pair correctly represents a physical quantity? A) 10 B) metre C) 5 kg D) fast Answer: C Q5. Which of the following is a derived quantity? A) Mass B) Time C) Temperature D) Velocity Answer: D
